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A motorcyclist heading east through a small town accelerates at a constant 4.0 ms-2 after he leaves the city limits. At …
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A motorcyclist heading east through a small town accelerates at a constant 4.0 ms-2 after he leaves the city limits. At time t = 0 he is 5.0 m east of the city-limits signpost while he moves east at 15 ms-1. (a) Find his position and velocity at t = 2.0 s. (b) Where is he when his speed is 25 ms-1?
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2023-03-15T10:00:11+00:00
2023-03-15T10:00:11+00:00 1 Answer
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To solve this problem, we can use the equations of motion for constant acceleration:
x = x0 + v0t + (1/2)at^2
v = v0 + at
where x is the position, v is the velocity, t is the time, x0 and v0 are the initial position and velocity, and a is the acceleration.
(a) At t = 2.0 s:
We know that the initial position x0 = 5.0 m and the initial velocity v0 = 15 ms-1. The acceleration is given as a = 4.0 ms-2. Plugging in these values, we get:
x = x0 + v0t + (1/2)at^2
= 5.0 m + (15 ms-1)(2.0 s) + (1/2)(4.0 ms-2)(2.0 s)^2
= 33 m east of the city-limits signpost
v = v0 + at
= 15 ms-1 + (4.0 ms-2)(2.0 s)
= 23 ms-1 east
So his position at t = 2.0 s is 33 m east of the city-limits signpost, and his velocity is 23 ms-1 east.
(b) We want to find the position x when his speed is 25 ms-1. We can use the equation:
v^2 = v0^2 + 2a(x – x0)
where v is the speed (magnitude of the velocity).
We know that the initial velocity v0 = 15 ms-1, and the acceleration a = 4.0 ms-2. We want to find the position x when v = 25 ms-1. Plugging in these values, we get:
25^2 = 15^2 + 2(4.0)(x – 5.0)
625 = 225 + 8(x – 5.0)
400 = 8(x – 5.0)
50 = x – 5.0
Therefore, x = 55 m east of the city-limits signpost when his speed is 25 ms-1.